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Glossary Terms
Glossary of Human Resources Management and Employee Benefit Terms
Table of contents

Key Performance Indicators

Key performance indicators are used to monitor performance, track trends over time, identify areas for improvement, and make data-driven decisions to drive organizational success. 

What are key performance indicators? 

Key performance indicators are measurable values that organizations use to assess their progress toward achieving specific objectives or goals. KPIs are quantifiable metrics that provide insights into the performance and effectiveness of various aspects of the organization, such as operations, processes, projects, or initiatives. 

What are key performance indicators examples? 

Some common key performance indicators examples include: 

  • Revenue growth 
  • Customer satisfaction score (CSAT) 
  • Net promoter score (NPS) 
  • Employee turnover rate 
  • Conversion rate 

These examples of KPIs are widely used across industries to measure both financial and non-financial performance. 

What are the 5 key performance indicators? 

While KPIs can vary depending on the business, five commonly used key performance indicators are: 

  1. Revenue growth 
  1. Profit margin 
  1. Customer acquisition cost (CAC) 
  1. Customer retention rate 
  1. Employee productivity 

These KPIs offer a balanced view of a company’s financial health, operational efficiency, and customer satisfaction. 

Why are key performance indicators important? 

KPIs are important because they: 

  • Provide measurable benchmarks for success. 
  • Help identify strengths and weaknesses. 
  • Enable data-driven decision-making. 
  • Align teams with organizational goals. 
  • Improve accountability and performance tracking. 

By monitoring the right KPIs, businesses can stay focused on their strategic objectives and make timely adjustments. 

How to measure key performance indicators? 

To measure KPIs effectively: 

  • Set clear, quantifiable goals. 
  • Use reliable data sources. 
  • Track performance regularly through dashboards or reports. 
  • Compare results against benchmarks or historical data. 
  • Analyze trends to identify patterns and areas for improvement. 

Accurate KPI measurement ensures meaningful insights that support better decision-making. 

How to create key performance indicators? 

Creating effective KPIs involves: 

  • Defining your business objectives. 
  • Identifying critical success factors. 
  • Choosing specific, measurable metrics. 
  • Setting realistic targets and timelines. 
  • Assigning responsibility for tracking and reporting. 

Custom KPIs should reflect what matters most to your business goals and strategy. 

Employee pulse surveys:

These are short surveys that can be sent frequently to check what your employees think about an issue quickly. The survey comprises fewer questions (not more than 10) to get the information quickly. These can be administered at regular intervals (monthly/weekly/quarterly).

One-on-one meetings:

Having periodic, hour-long meetings for an informal chat with every team member is an excellent way to get a true sense of what’s happening with them. Since it is a safe and private conversation, it helps you get better details about an issue.

eNPS:

eNPS (employee Net Promoter score) is one of the simplest yet effective ways to assess your employee's opinion of your company. It includes one intriguing question that gauges loyalty. An example of eNPS questions include: How likely are you to recommend our company to others? Employees respond to the eNPS survey on a scale of 1-10, where 10 denotes they are ‘highly likely’ to recommend the company and 1 signifies they are ‘highly unlikely’ to recommend it.

Based on the responses, employees can be placed in three different categories:

  • Promoters
    Employees who have responded positively or agreed.
  • Detractors
    Employees who have reacted negatively or disagreed.
  • Passives
    Employees who have stayed neutral with their responses.

How to define key performance indicators? 

To define KPIs: 

  • Start with your organizational priorities. 
  • Translate each goal into specific, actionable outcomes. 
  • Ensure each KPI is SMART: Specific, Measurable, Achievable, Relevant, and Time-bound. 
  • Align KPIs across teams to ensure consistency. 
  • Regularly review and refine them as business needs evolve. 

Properly defined KPIs help maintain focus, drive accountability, and foster continuous improvement. 

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