Cultura organizativa
Organizational change refers to any significant alteration in an organization's structure, processes, culture, strategies, or systems. It can encompass a wide range of transformations, from minor adjustments in procedures to large-scale organizational restructuring.
Organizational change can be driven by internal factors such as new leadership, shifts in strategy, technological advancements, or external factors like market trends, regulatory changes, or economic conditions.
¿Qué es la cultura organizativa?
Organizational change is the process through which a company undergoes any transformation internally or externally. This change may occur after extensive internal planning, or rather suddenly, because of unanticipated external factors.
It can cause major shifts in the structure, culture, goals, operational processes, service offerings, and technology policies of a business.
Why is organizational culture important?
A strong culture builds alignment and belonging. It helps attract and retain talent, drives decision-making, and boosts performance.
- Improves employee engagement and satisfaction
- Supports company vision and strategy
- Encourages accountability and shared purpose
- Enhances collaboration and trust across teams
- Strengthens brand identity internally and externally
- Reduces turnover and onboarding time
How to measure organizational culture and climate?
Measuring culture helps identify gaps between ideal and actual behaviors. It also reveals the emotional tone of the workplace (climate).
- Conduct employee engagement or culture surveys
- Use anonymous feedback tools and pulse checks
- Run focus groups or town halls
- Analyse behavioral data (e.g., turnover, complaints)
- Compare stated values vs. observed behaviors
- Assess team collaboration and communication patterns
How to change organizational culture?
Culture change requires patience, clarity, and consistent action. It starts at the top and spreads through example and systems.
- Define what the new culture should look like
- Involve leaders in modeling desired behaviors
- Communicate change goals with full transparency
- Align policies, rewards, and recognition with the new values
- Provide training and feedback mechanisms
- Remove cultural blockers (e.g., toxic behaviors)
- Celebrate small wins to reinforce change
How to create a positive organizational culture?
Creating a positive culture means intentionally building an environment where people thrive, collaborate, and grow.
- Foster psychological safety and inclusivity
- Recognize achievements regularly and genuinely
- Encourage transparent and honest communication
- Prioritize employee well-being and work-life balance
- Offer continuous learning and growth opportunities
- Align leadership style with empathy and accountability
When is organizational culture considered dysfunctional?
Culture becomes dysfunctional when it blocks innovation, reduces trust, or tolerates toxic behavior. It no longer supports employee or business success.
- High turnover and low morale
- Lack of accountability or unclear roles
- Internal politics and poor communication
- Resistance to change or new ideas
- Micromanagement or fear-based leadership
Encuestas sobre el pulso de los empleados:
Se trata de encuestas breves que pueden enviarse con frecuencia para comprobar rápidamente lo que piensan sus empleados sobre un tema. La encuesta consta de menos preguntas (no más de 10) para obtener la información rápidamente. Pueden administrarse a intervalos regulares (mensual/semanal/trimestral).
Reuniones individuales:
Celebrar reuniones periódicas de una hora de duración para mantener una charla informal con cada miembro del equipo es una forma excelente de hacerse una idea real de lo que les pasa. Al tratarse de una conversación segura y privada, te ayuda a obtener mejores detalles sobre un asunto.
eNPS:
eNPS (employee Net Promoter score) es una de las formas más sencillas y eficaces de evaluar la opinión de sus empleados sobre su empresa. Incluye una pregunta intrigante que mide la lealtad. Un ejemplo de preguntas de eNPS son ¿Qué probabilidades hay de que recomiende nuestra empresa a otras personas? Los empleados responden a la encuesta eNPS en una escala del 1 al 10, donde 10 significa que es "muy probable" que recomienden la empresa y 1 significa que es "muy improbable" que la recomienden.
En función de las respuestas, los empleados pueden clasificarse en tres categorías diferentes:
- Promotores
Empleados que han respondido positivamente o están de acuerdo. - Detractores
Empleados que han reaccionado negativamente o no están de acuerdo. - Pasivos
Empleados que se han mantenido neutrales con sus respuestas.
¿Cuáles son los tipos de cultura organizativa?
Different organizations adopt different cultural styles, often defined by how they value flexibility, control, and internal vs. external focus.
- Clan Culture: People-focused, collaborative, like a family
- Adhocracy Culture: Innovation-focused, encourages risk-taking and experimentation
- Market Culture: Results-driven, competitive, and performance-oriented
- Hierarchy Culture: Structured, rule-based, and efficiency-focused
How does organizational culture impact the change process?
Culture can accelerate or block change. The more aligned the culture is with the desired direction, the smoother the transition.
- Influences openness to new ideas
- Impacts how fast teams adapt to change
- Determines how leaders are followed or questioned
- Affects communication and collaboration across departments
- Can resist or support innovation
How to create positive organizational culture?
Reinforcing a positive culture is an ongoing process that involves shaping the environment, leadership, and daily practices.
- Set clear values and live them at all levels
- Invest in meaningful recognition and feedback
- Support a culture of learning and growth
- Build inclusive and diverse teams
- Promote ownership and accountability
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